• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention describes a zanfona keyboard where each of the keys (1) slides through a lower hole (3') and an upper hole (3), and comprises a first magnet (4), on the rod (7) and a second magnet (5) in the head (6), and the keyboard drawer (2) comprises a pair of first keyboard magnets (4'), in each of the upper holes (3) and a second keyboard magnet (5'), located aligned with the second magnet (5), so that they are approximated by poles of equal polarity, to repel, and where the poles of the first magnet (4) are located facing poles of equal polarity of the first magnets of the keyboard (4'), so that the key (1) is in balance between the two repulsive forces exerted by the first two magnets of the keyboard (4'). (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2739354A1
    申请号:ES201830785
    申请日:2018-07-30
    公开日:2020-01-30
    发明作者:Sobral Cesar Loureiro
    申请人:Sobral Cesar Loureiro；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001]
    [0002]
    [0003]
    [0004] OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
    [0005] The present invention relates to a zanfora keyboard that incorporates, both in the keys and in the holes of the keyboard drawer through which the keys pass, magnets by means of which the key is found to be in equilibrium inside the holes.
    [0006]
    [0007] Find special application in the field of zanfora construction industry.
    [0008]
    [0009] TECHNICAL PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED AND BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    [0010] Zanfona, is a string instrument rubbed by a wheel. It is an instrument that we can find all over Europe, receiving different names. Thus, in France it is known as la vielle a roue (rope viola), in Germany and Austria as drehleier (lathe lyre), in the United Kingdom, as hurdy gurdy (crank organ), in Hungary as tekero, in Poland like lira korbowa, among others.
    [0011]
    [0012] All these mentioned instruments have a common origin and, although they have some similarities, they have their own characteristics, such as the number and tuning of strings, their own design and aesthetics, keyboard layout, wheel size, etc. In any case, all this range of varieties of zanfonas can be collected under the common denomination of cordófono rubbed by a cord, with the common characteristic that all of them have a keyboard, a wheel, a sound box and a crank to actuate the wheel, being the way of touching them very similar for all of them.
    [0013]
    [0014] The keyboard, as if it were a piano, serves to modulate the different notes that the instrument produces. It consists of a drawer with a multitude of quadrangular holes, each of which houses a key. The keys are mobile and slide freely through the quadrangular holes from one side to the other. It is necessary to take into account the operation of the zanfona, where the keys are in the lower part of the instrument when it is going to be played so that, when pressed by the user, they slide through the quadrangular holes and, when leaving if pressed, they return to the initial assumption due to gravity.
    [0015]
    [0016] Thus, the key has two positions: one in which it does not run on the string and, therefore, therefore, it does not produce the note, and another one in which it runs on the string, thus producing the desired note.
    [0017]
    [0018] The movement of attack of the key is produced by the effect of the pulsation of the musician, returning to his place of origin by the effect of gravity.
    [0019]
    [0020] However, this backward movement of the key presents a problem, and it is that, when produced by the effect of the force of gravity, to get the musician carried out, the instrument must be hung, usually from the waist or the shoulders, keeping the keyboard in a position that allows the keys to fall freely due to the effect of gravity.
    [0021]
    [0022] In addition to this peculiarity, this traditional keyboard system presents some problems that are intended to be solved by the present invention.
    [0023]
    [0024] Indeed, a first problem is that, in order for the keys to move smoothly, especially in the backward movement, it is necessary that each of the holes in the keyboard have some clearance with respect to the key that is housed therein. However, this slack also produces vibrations at certain frequencies and unwanted noises due to the clash of the key itself against the walls of the hole that houses it, so a compromise between the two effects must always be reached.
    [0025]
    [0026] A second problem with this traditional keyboard is that, depending on the setting, type of wood in the keyboard drawer and the keys themselves, or even the ambient humidity, the keys reduce their response speed due precisely to the delay in the movement of recoil. In this way, there are keyboards with a faster response, and keyboards with a slower response since, characteristics such as friction, the weight of the keys, or the position of the instrument mean that, if the musician wants to play fast, they do not have the keys long enough to return to the starting position. This problem is corrected by increasing the clearance of the holes in the keyboard drawer, with the consequent loss of precision in tuning, and increased noise and vibration.
    [0027]
    [0028] The present invention solves the aforementioned problems, which are not solved in the present state of the art by means of a keyboard that, on the one hand, minimizes noise and friction between the key and keyboard drawer elements, and on the other side, provides a quick response of the key in its backward movement.
    [0029] DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    [0030] In order to achieve the objectives and avoid the aforementioned drawbacks, the present invention describes a zanfona keyboard whose main components are a keyboard drawer and keys housed therein. The keys are formed by a rod attached to a head by one of its ends. The stem is of rectangular section and crosses the two parallel walls that make up the drawer of the keyboard through a lower hole, which crosses one of the walls, and an upper hole, which crosses the other wall of the drawer, the two holes being in alignment. The rod of the key, when pressed to emit sounds, slides along these two holes, which are slightly oversized transversely with respect to the rod with the clearance necessary to not get stuck.
    [0031]
    [0032] Each of the keys comprises a first magnet, located in the stem and positioned to be housed inside the upper hole of the drawer, through which it slides. On the other hand, each of the upper holes incorporates a pair of first keyboard magnets on two parallel walls so that they face each of the poles of the first magnet when the key rod slides through the upper hole. Keep in mind that the movement of the first magnet is confined inside the corresponding upper hole, so that the first magnet never fails to face the first magnets in the drawer.
    [0033]
    [0034] The first magnet is positioned so that the poles are facing poles of equal polarity of the first magnets of the keyboard in each of the upper holes, so that the key is in balance between the two repulsive forces exerted by the two first magnets of the keyboard on the first magnet of the key.
    [0035]
    [0036] The keys also comprise a second magnet located in the head, which aims to accelerate the return of the key once it has been pressed. For this, the keyboard drawer comprises a second magnet of the keyboard, located in proximity to the lower hole and in correspondence with the second magnet, so that they are aligned in the movement of movement of the key. The second magnet is embedded in the head with a face sticking outwards. In the same way, the second magnet of the keyboard is embedded in the drawer with a face sticking outwards, the two magnets being aligned. To accelerate the return of the key, the force sought between these two magnets is repulsion, so that the faces that face the two magnets must have the same polarity. That is, the faces that appear outside, both of the head, referred to the second magnet, and the drawer of the keyboard, referred to the second magnet of the keyboard, must have the same polarity.
    [0037]
    [0038] Although the main need is that the repulsion forces in the upper holes occur according to the direction of the minor side of the key rod, due to the lever effect that the user produces when pressing the key, the magnet configuration described , both on the stem and on the keyboard drawer, can also be applied to the other perpendicular transverse direction. In the case of the rod, another first magnet is needed, located with the polarity according to the larger dimension of the rod. In the case of the keyboard drawer, another pair of magnets facing each of the parallel sides of each upper hole is needed, perpendicular to the existing pair of first drawer magnets. As in the previous case, the poles of the new first magnet are positioned facing poles of equal polarity of the new first magnets of the keyboard.
    [0039]
    [0040] In addition, this configuration of the upper holes and of the keys to control the movement of the rod along said hole, can also be applied to the lower holes, the rod being able to incorporate a new first magnet, or two new first magnets positioned with the perpendicular polarity, and a new pair of first keyboard magnets, or two, positioned with perpendicular polarity in each of the lower holes to achieve the same objective as in the upper holes.
    [0041]
    [0042] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
    [0043] To complete the description of the invention and in order to help a better understanding of its characteristics, in accordance with a preferred example of its realization, a set of drawings is attached where, for illustrative and non-limiting purposes, represented the following figures:
    [0044]
    [0045] - Figure 1 represents a rear perspective view of the keyboard of a zanfona where the keys inserted in the drawer of the keyboard can be seen.
    [0046] - Figure 2 represents a front perspective view of the zanfona keyboard shown in figure 1.
    [0047] - Figure 3 represents a side view of the zanfona keyboard represented in figure 1.
    [0048] - Figure 4 represents an elevation view of the zanfona keyboard shown in Figure 1, where the rectangular holes for the accommodation of the keys are seen, although in this view the keys have been removed for clarity.
    [0049] - Figure 5 represents a plan view of a zanfona key.
    [0050] - Figure 6 represents a side view of the zanfona key represented in figure 5.
    [0051] - Figure 7 represents a rear perspective view of the zanfona key represented in figure 5.
    [0052] - Figure 8 represents a front perspective view of the zanfona key represented in figure 5.
    [0053] - Figure 9 represents a side view of a key inside an upper hole of the sectioned keyboard drawer, showing the location of the first magnet and the first magnets of the drawer, as well as the arrangement of the magnets with the polarity facing for Create forces of repulsion.
    [0054]
    [0055] The following is a list of the references used in the figures:
    [0056] 1. key.
    [0057] 2. Keyboard drawer.
    [0058] 3. Holes.
    [0059] 4. First magnet.
    [0060] 4'. First magnet of the drawer.
    [0061] 5. Second magnet.
    [0062] 5'. Second magnet of the drawer.
    [0063] 6. Key head.
    [0064] 7. Stem of the key.
    [0065]
    [0066] DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
    [0067] The present invention relates to a magnetic keyboard incorporated into a zanfone. In figures 1 and 2 a zanfona keyboard with perspectives from two different points of view is represented, so that the arrangement of the keys (1) in the keyboard drawer (2) and of the position can be clearly understood of the heads (6) of the keys (1) in the drawer (2) in the rest position. The actual operating position is with the keys (1) on the lower level, so that the musician presses the keys (1) in the vertical direction, upwards, and returns to the original position by gravity.
    [0068] In these figures it can be seen how the heads (6) are slightly distanced from the drawer (2), so that the rod (7) protrudes long enough to determine the path of the key (1) when pressed, that is to say , that when the keys (1) are pressed, this protruding path is the one that will pass from the rest situation of the key (1) to the execution situation on a string to emit a musical note. You can see in these figures that the keys (1) pass through the drawer (2) through lower holes (3 '), located in one of the walls of the drawer (2), and also through upper holes (3), located on the parallel wall of the drawer (2).
    [0069]
    [0070] Figure 3 shows a side view of the keyboard so that the arrangement of the keys (1) is seen transversely on the keyboard. This figure shows more clearly the length that the heads (6) of the keys (1) of the lower holes (3 ') protrude and how the ends of the rod (7) slightly protrude from the upper holes (3) of the keyboard drawer (2).
    [0071]
    [0072] The keys (1) have the same cross sections as the holes (3, 3 ’), although slightly lower in the two directions, so that the key (1) can slide through the hole (3, 3’) without problems.
    [0073]
    [0074] Figure 4 shows a view of the keyboard from above, where you can clearly see the rectangular configuration of the upper holes (3). The lower holes (3 ’) are the same, although they cannot be represented so clearly by inserting the keys (1). In this figure 4 it can be noted that the keys (1) have not been represented, since they would also be represented due to the aforementioned clearance that they have with the upper holes (3).
    [0075] Figures 5 to 8 show different views of a key (1) of the zanfona.
    [0076]
    [0077] As mentioned in the background of this specification, one of the problems presented by the state-of-the-art zanfona is that this slack between the key and the hole (3, 3 ') through which it slides is that it causes a series of vibrations at certain frequencies and unwanted noises due to the impact of the key itself (1) against the walls of the hole (3, 3 ') that houses it.
    [0078]
    [0079] To avoid this problem, the keys (1) of the present invention incorporate a first magnet (4) transversely housed in the rod (7), that is, with the polarity transversely along the shortest side of the rod (7). This first magnet (4) is shown incorporated in a key (1) in Figures 6 and 7.
    [0080] Each of the upper holes (3) of the drawer (2) is also magnetized. It incorporates two first magnets of the drawer (4 ') in two parallel walls of the upper hole (3), located so that the polarity that is oriented to the hole (3) is the same as that of the first magnet (4) in the key face (1) that is located on that side. In this way, a repulsive force is created that prevents contact between the key (1) and any of the two walls of the upper hole (3). To place the first magnets of the drawer (4 ') in the upper holes (3) can be made embedded in the holes (3), as shown in Figure 9, or grooves close to the holes (3), by example, by which the first magnets of the drawer (4 ') are introduced.
    [0081]
    [0082] In the direction of the greater side of the rod (7), that is, perpendicular to the direction of the polarity of the first magnet (4), it is not necessary to locate additional magnets, since in this direction the force is not significant and they do not occur the mentioned problems about friction or gaps. This is because the zanfona is located in such a way that the musician presses the keys (1) exerting a lever effect on it in the direction of depth of the keyboard and not in the longitudinal direction.
    [0083]
    [0084] In any case, this possibility can also be covered so that, in another embodiment, the same mentioned arrangement of these magnets (4, 4 ') is placed both in the keys (1) and in the upper holes (3) but turned ninety degrees, that is, with the polarities in perpendicular directions transversely, so that the effect of repulsion of the key (1) in the upper holes (3) is created along the two transverse directions of the upper holes (3). For this, it may be necessary that the size of the magnets (4) located on the keys (1), despite continuing to pass through the key (1), be reduced in height so that the two are housed in the upper hole (3 ).
    [0085]
    [0086] The problem that has been described does not occur with the clearance between the rod (7) and the lower holes (3 ’) located closer to the heads (6) of the keys (1). This is due to the fact that this problem is mainly due to the torque that occurs when the key (1) is pressed, which produces a much greater displacement at the end of the rod (7), in the upper holes (3) than in the Another closer end.
    [0087]
    [0088] In any case, the same configurations that have been described for the upper holes (3) and the rod area (7) near the free end can also be applied for the lower holes (3 ') and the rod area (7) next to the head (6), being able to incorporate one or two magnets in the rod (7) and one or two pairs of magnets in the parallel walls of the lower hole (3 '), as described for the area of the rod (7) near the free end and of the holes superior (3).
    [0089]
    [0090] Keep in mind that the holes (3, 3 ') have the length corresponding to the thickness of the walls of the drawer (2), that is, between one and two centimeters, so the dimensions of this first magnet (4) they can be defined by this dimension of the thickness of the drawer (2), by the width of the key (1), so that it does not protrude from it, and by the other transverse dimension of the key (1), so that the hole created on the key (1) to accommodate the first magnet (4), do not weaken the rod (7) too much and it may break.
    [0091]
    [0092] The second problem that was mentioned in the background of this descriptive report presented by the state-of-the-art zanfona is that the keys (1) are reduced the recoil speed once they have been pressed, which greatly reduces the functionality and the possibility of generating combinations of a large number of musical chords. This problem is due to a series of problems related to the instrument's own configuration, such as the fact that it is an instrument made of wood, which creates swelling due to moisture or the manufacturing processes themselves, which do not allow precision so tight or, even, by the very limited weight of the keys (1), which make it slow due to its low weight.
    [0093] The problem of the recoil speed in the movement of the keys (1) is solved in the invention by installing a second magnet (5) in the key head (1) and another second magnet in the drawer (5 ' ) in the area of the keyboard drawer wall (2) located in correspondence with the location of the second magnet (5), that is, aligned along the axis of the rod (7). In this way, when pressing the key (1), the second magnet (5) will approach the second magnet of the drawer (5 ') and will receive a magnetic force of repulsion, as if it were a spring, which helps the key (1) to return to its initial rest position. For this, the polarities of the visible faces of the second magnet (5) and of the magnet of the drawer (5 ’), that is, of the faces that tend to join, must be the same.
    [0094]
    [0095] Thus, when the musician presses the key (1) and the head (6) approaches the drawer of the keyboard (2), the repulsive force of these magnets (5, 5 ') helps to overcome the inertia that appears when the key (1) reaches the end of its path and has to start the recoil movement. With this system, you get a fast and comfortable response from the keyboard that allows you to execute very fast passages that until now were not easy or comfortable to perform.
    [0096] In any case, the present invention should not be limited to the embodiment described herein. Other configurations may be made by those skilled in the art in view of the present description. Accordingly, the scope of the invention is defined by the following claims.
    [0097]
    [0098]
    one
    权利要求:
    Claims (4)
    [1]
    1. - Zanfona keyboard comprising a keyboard drawer (2) where a plurality of keys (1) are configured configured by means of a head (6) and a rod (7) of rectangular section that slides along a lower hole (3 ') and an upper hole (3), both slightly oversized transversely with respect to the rod (7) and located in alignment on each perpendicular walls of the drawer (2), the keyboard being characterized by:
    - each of the keys (1) comprises a first magnet (4), located in the stem (7) and a second magnet (5) located in the head (6) with a face flush with the surface, and - the keyboard drawer (2) comprises a pair of first keyboard magnets (4 '), located on each parallel wall of each of the upper holes (3) and a second keyboard magnet (5'), located with a face flush with the surface of the drawer (2) and in proximity to the lower hole (3 ') in correspondence, aligned with the second magnet (5) according to the axial direction of the rod (7),
    where:
    - the poles of the first magnet (4) are located facing poles of equal polarity of the first magnets of the keyboard (4 ') in each of the upper holes (3), so that the key (1) is in balance between the two repulsion forces exerted by the first two keyboard magnets (4 '), and
    - the pole of the outer free face of the second magnet of the keyboard (5 ') has the same polarity as the pole of the outer free face of the second magnet (5), so that, when the head (6) approaches the drawer of the keyboard (2), the second magnet of the keyboard (5 ') exerts a repulsive force on the second magnet (5) of the key (1).
    [2]
    2. - Zanfona keyboard according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper holes (3) comprise an additional pair of first keyboard magnets (4 ') with the polarity located perpendicular to that of the pair of first keyboard magnets (4 ') and the rod (7) comprises a first additional magnet (4) with the polarity located perpendicular to that of the first existing magnet (4), where the opposite poles of the additional pair of first keyboard magnets (4') and of the first additional magnets (4) are of equal polarity, so that there is a force of repulsion between them.
    [3]
    3. - Zanfona keyboard according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that:
    - each of the keys (1) comprises a new first magnet (4), located in the rod (7), and
    - the keyboard drawer (2) comprises a new pair of first keyboard magnets (4 ’), located on two parallel walls of each of the lower holes (3’),
    where
    - the poles of the new first magnet (4) are located facing poles of equal polarity of the new first magnets of the keyboard (4 ') in each of the lower holes (3'), so that the key (1) is find a balance between the two repulsive forces exerted by the first two new keyboard magnets (4 ')
    [4]
    4.- Zanfona keyboard according to claim 3, characterized in that the lower holes (3 ') comprise an additional pair of new first keyboard magnets (4') with the polarity located perpendicular to that of the pair of first keyboard magnets (4 ') existing and the rod (7) comprises a new first additional magnet (4) with the polarity located perpendicular to that of the new existing first magnet (4), where the opposite poles of the new additional pair of first keyboard magnets ( 4 ') and the new first magnet (4) are of equal polarity, so that there is a force of repulsion between them.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2739354B2|2020-07-29|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    FR2486698A1|1980-07-08|1982-01-15|Simon|Key board for hurdy gurdy - has action carried in bearings returned to rest by helicoidal spring|
    ES1074218U|2011-03-07|2011-03-31|Jose Juan Presedo Diaz|Zanfona electronica |
    法律状态:
    2020-01-30| BA2A| Patent application published|Ref document number: 2739354 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: A1 Effective date: 20200130 |
    2020-07-29| FG2A| Definitive protection|Ref document number: 2739354 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: B2 Effective date: 20200729 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES201830785A|ES2739354B2|2018-07-30|2018-07-30|MAGNETIC ZANFONA KEYBOARD|ES201830785A| ES2739354B2|2018-07-30|2018-07-30|MAGNETIC ZANFONA KEYBOARD|
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